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The Queue: Therapsids are so freaking cool

I love Therapsids. It’s a big group, and it includes not just cool prehistoric creatures like Inostrancevia and Anteosaurus, but also your house cat or dog, any bats or pigs or wolves or dolphins you might see, and human beings — because all mammals are part of the therapsidia. That’s right, despite what this headline saysAnteosaurus wasn’t a reptile at all, but a dinocephalian therapsid, and a relative of ours.

Of course, while I love dinocephalians, the gorgonopsids are my absolute favorite of the ancient, long extinct lineages that were our cousins. Big beasts like Inostrancevia and smaller but still agile predators like Aelurosaurus — these particular predators had a lot of adaptations that we see today in mammals, but also lacked some, like the larger mammalian neocortex. The non-mammalian therapsid brain was apparently, according to their skulls shape and size, more like that of a reptile than ours. But while the synapsids (including therapsids) started out as a cousin group to the sauropsids, their divergence led them down a path that differed in many ways from their counterparts in the reptilia. And for many millions of years, before the Permian-Triassic extinction called The Great Dying, therapsids ruled the Earth.

And while they were mostly pushed out by the archosaurs after the PT extinction, they hung on throughout the entire Mesozoic, with the cynodonts evolving into true mammals by the late Triassic. And today, those very cynodonts are giraffes and lions and hippos and squirrels and yes, humans — not only are all mammals therapids, all mammals are cynodonts as well.

So that’s a long winded explanation of why I put a picture of my dog at the top of today’s Queue, because she’s the cutest little therapsid you’re ever gonna see.


The Queue: Explosions!

So, since I like to pretend I’m a good parent on Instagram, I’ve been trying to include a bunch of one-off STEM experiments and crafts in my kids’ summertime fun. Ice cream in a bag and fluffy slime were hits, but the former came with a lot of complaining that their arms were going to fall off, and fluffy slime, well, we make slime all the time, but without the shaving cream, which made it smell weird, and ugh, can’t we just play Roblox, mom?

But last week, we exploded soap in the microwave, and now they’re demanding more explosions. On the one hand, I can’t exactly blame them, but on the other hand, I feel like I’ve crossed a terrible threshold in their little lizard brains.

This the The Queue, where if you ask us questions we’ll take long enough to answer for this comically large fuse to burn down. Oh, nothing important, be chill.


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